Furnace.



I ii. J. SAMPSON.

FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 9. I914.

Patented Apr. 13, 19115.

THE NORRIS PETERS CO., PHOTO-LITHOU WASHING TON. D c.

EDWARD J. SAMPSON, 0F SOMERVILLE, MASSACHUSETTS.

FURNACE.

Application filed May t], 1914.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD J. SAMPSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Somerville, in the county of Middlesex and Commonwealth of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

My invention is applicable to furnaces generally but is especially useful for coal burning furnaces employed in connection with steam boilers wherein imperfect combustion of coal particles or smoke results in loss of eiliciency and smoke nuisance. It is an improvement in that type of furnace wherein a multiplicity of air ducts communicate with the combustion chamber in order to augment the supply of oxygen therein and thus improve combustion.

It is the special object of my invention to so arrange the air ducts that they shall be most effective and I have discovered that this may be accomplished by directing some of the branch ducts toward others in converging pairs while at the same time slanting them downwardly toward the fire-bed at varying angles with reference to the hori- Zontal and vertical planes in a manner whereby an air jet from one duct may pass above or below the air jet from another duct while crossing its path at an angle thereto, thereby insuring a wide spread and direct contact of the air jets with the fire-bed and at the same time imparting a variety of direction and motion to the air and gases immediately above the fire-bed so as to cause a thorough intermingling of the air with the gases of combustion.

My invention may be best understood by reference to the accompanying drawing in which Figure 1 is a vertical cross sectional view of my furnace with a boiler mounted above 'it in the common manner. Fig. 2 is a hori- Zontal sectional view on line 2-2 of Fig. 1, the branch ducts being also shown in crosssection throughout their lengths.

Similar reference characters refer to similar parts in both views.

Referring now more specifically to the drawing, A and B are side walls of the furnace, C is the front wall, and D is the bridge wall, all of which walls are arranged in a usual manner and built of fire brick. Between the front wall C and the bridge wall D are supported the grate-bars E above Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 11.3, 1915.

Serial No. 837,451.

which is formed a combustion chamber beneath the boiler F which forms the top thereof and beneath which and the top of the bridge wall D is a flue or passage through which the products of combustion may pass outward from the combustion chamber.

Within the side walls A and B are set main air ducts G and G which may be connected with a source for the supply of air under moderate pressure. From the main air ducts G and G extend a group of branch air ducts g and g which pass through the side walls A and B and discharge into the combustion chamber. As shown in the drawings the several ducts in groups of branch air ducts g and 9 all slant downward toward the grate-bars E, thereby being adapted to discharge air directly upon the bed of coals supported thereon. They slant downward, however, at varying angles from a horizontal plane and also slant at varying angles with reference to the vertical plane, and those ducts which are shown as converging pairs have each duct slanting downwardly at an angle different from the angle of slant of the other so that the jets of air therefrom pass each other where their paths cross without colliding. It is to be noted also that each of the several branch ducts on one side of the combustion chamber is slanted downwardly at such an angle in respect to the angle of slant of the correspond ing branch duct on the opposite side that the jets of air therefrom will not collide before striking the fire-bed but will either pass one over the other and strike the fire-bed or else strike the fire-bed before converging. As the branch ducts on either side of the chamber are so widely separated a very slight diversity in the angle of downward inclination is sufficient to effect this result. Thereby is caused a widespread and effective distribution of the jets of air therefrom, and also a thorough agitation of the air and gases within the combustion chamber because of the diversity of direction of the various air drafts and their movements in relation to each other. It is obvious that those branch ducts which slant toward the flue which is above the bridge wall D will have the effect of hastening the draft, whereas those branch ducts which are substantially at right angles to the side walls A and B will throw jets of air tending to retard the backward draft through the combustion chamber. This alternate hastening and retarding of the draft gases.

helps to thoroughly intermingle the air and gases of combustion so as to promote the burning of gases and dust and smoke particles which are being carried off by the The two branch ducts nearest to the bridge wall I), on both sides of the furnace, have been slanted toward the flue above the bridge wall in order to hasten the draft at that point and finally carry the products of combustion from the combustion chamber. As the main air supply ducts G and G are embedded in the wallsof the furnace near the fire they will be sufiiciently heated to cause the air jets from the groups of branch ducts g and g to enter the combustion chamber in a preheated condition, whereby the air will mingle freely with the hot gases of combustion.

It is to be understood that when I have stated above that air jets will pass each other without colliding I do not mean that the air about the periphery of one jet does not contact with the air about the periphery of another jet, as the heated and expanding air from the air ducts mingles, of course, to some extent. I mean, merely, that one jet does not strike another with such force as to materially interrupt its progress toward the fire-bed. It is, moreover, especially to be noted that the jets cross and pass each other in very close proximity which has the effect of causing each to give the other a whirling motion as the air and gases of their peripheries are brought into contact. This has the effect of drawing and mixing into the air current of a jet the gas and products of com bustion which are being borne along the pethereby greatly assisting in the effective operation of my device.

Having thus fully described my invention what I claim 1s 1. In a furnace, a combustion chamber and a plurality of air ducts entering said chamber, said air ducts being arranged in pairs, one duct converging toward another, and both slanting downwardly toward the fire-bed at different angles in a manner whereby jets of air therefrom may cross passing one over the other in close proximity.

2. In a furnace, a combustion chamber and groups of air ducts entering said chamber on each side thereof, air ducts on one side being located opposite air ducts on the other side, said air duets being slanted downwardly at different angles in a manner whereby an air jet from one side may cross and pass over the air jet from the opposite air duct in close proximity thereto.

3. In a furnace, a combustion chamber and a plurality of air ducts entering said chamber on opposite sides thereof, said duets being slanted downwardly at different angles so that the air jet from one duet may cross above or below the air jets from duets on either side of the combustion chamber in close proximity thereto.

EDWARD J. SAMPSON.

Witnesses JAMES J. COOGAN, FRANKLIN F. PHILLIPS, J r.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0. 

